
Chemical(IUPAC) Name: Phenol, Benzenol
TradeName: Phenol
ChemicalFormula: C6H6O
Synonyms: Carbolicacid, Phenylic acid,
Hydroxybenzene,Phenic acid
Appearance:Transparentcrystalline solid
Odor:Sweet andtarry
Molarmass:94.113g·molâ1
Meltingpoint:40.5°C(104.9°F; 313.6K)
Boilingpoint:181.7°C(359.1°F; 454.8K)
Density:1.07g/cm3
CASRegistry Number : 108-95-2
EINECSNumber : 100.003.303
HSCode : 29071110
Phenolis anaromaticorganiccompound appreciably soluble in waterwiththe molecularformulaC6H6O.It is a whitecrystallinesolid that isvolatile.The molecule consists of aphenylgroup (âC6H5) bonded to ahydroxygroup (âOH). Mildlyacidic,it requires careful handling because it can causechemicalburns.Phenolis a weak acid.
Properties |
Limits |
Appearance,molten |
Clearand Free of Suspended Matter |
Purity,wt% min. |
99.85 |
FreezingPoint, °Cmin. |
40.7 |
Colour,Pt-Co, APHA max. |
010 |
Iron(Fe), ppm max. |
0.5 |
Water,wt% max. |
0.05 |
Packaging
In Drums, Cans and Tankers.
Laminatesand Ply
Pharmaceuticalsand Drugs
Plastic- major uses of phenol,consuming two thirds of its production, involve its conversion toprecursors to plastics. Condensation with acetone gives bisphenol-A,a key precursor to polycarbonates and epoxide resins. Condensationof phenol, alkylphenols, or diphenols with formaldehyde givesphenolic resins, a famous example of which is Bakelite.
Phenolsare widely used in household products and as intermediates forindustrialsynthesis For example, phenol itself is used (in lowconcentrations) as a disinfectant in household cleaners and inmouthwash.
Phenolmay have been the first surgical antiseptic.
Phenolis also used in the study and extraction of bio-molecules. Molecularbiology finds the application of phenol in the extraction of nucleicacids from tissue samples for further investigations.
CosmeticsIndustry - Phenolis also used in the cosmetic industry in the manufacturing ofsunscreens, skin lightening creams and hair colouring solutions.